The electric eel is a very effective predator, despite its poor vision. It has
an excellent sense of hearing, however, and also a Sachs organ, which has been
linked to electrolocation. This organ, which is the third and smallest of the
eels electric organs, emits a low voltage charge of about 10 V. It is thought
that the eel uses these weak charges for orientation, as well as locating prey
and potential mates. Some scientists feel it is also used in a rudimentary form
of communication.
The more powerful electrical charges come from the
Hunters Organ and the Main Organ. All of the organs together are comprised of
some five to six thousand electroplaques that are stacked in a manner similar to
the common battery. When the eel becomes upset or is preparing to attack a prey
animal, its brain signals the electric cells in these organs. An ion channel is
opened and positively charged sodium flows into the organs, reversing the charge
for a moment. The product of this sudden shift or disturbance in voltage
creates an electric current. Eels can produce a shock typically as powerful as
650 V but have been known to emit bursts over 700 V. These are the shocks issued
during predation and defense. In total, the three electric organs make up 80% of
the electric animal's body, with the vital organs comprising the other 20%.
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